Lathe.



` No.V 894,634. PATENTBD JULY 2s, 19081 F.' HARDINGE.

. LATHE.

A PPL-IOATION FILED Nov. 9. 190s.

with greater efficiency and ca f l engaging them they can be moved into orout i, ted entirely throughfsolid. metal,. the cone 4-5 a annular 'slot in the rear off; the pulley huband FRAN'KLiu nAnDiNGE,

4iinTnrrr OFFICE.

or CHICAGO, iLLInoIs.

' lLATI-IIE.

To all whom z'tmay concern: -f l j Be it known that I?, FRANKLIN HARDINGE,

a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago,in the 'county of Cook andState of {lli- V5 hols, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Lath'es,'of which the followingl is a'full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accom anying drawings, forming apart of this spec' cation.;

- iMyinvention 'relates to` lathes and hasv for its object the provision of v'an:improved-lathe head ofwhich the parts'fareof the 4sirn lest andfmost eHicient construction;y and in W ich these `partsvare so assembled and so interact.v

asl to produce greaterfsimplicity, combined acity, than has .heretofore been obtalned. esev obj ects are obtained by meansof-a lathe spindle ofsimplifiedconstruction, b` .the manner in which ings lare' ta ered .on the outsideito iit the correspondingy tapered journalboxes and are parallel onv the insidewh-ich bears uponathe s indie;V These bushings havexalongltudinal.

s ot, andby means of a singlefadjusting screw of the journal lboxes to be adjusted to 'snugly it4 thespindle .to 'prevent `any free lay thereof, 'and at all times keep `the s .pindlJ perfect aliriement.V A n The particular features .of'my invention are the manner of taking ,up thegend thrust r l'aparts in the various figures.

on ythe spindle `and .theimpr'oved mannerV of adjusting for end lshake entirely .independent` of the spindle. The end thrustfis transmitpulley .onthe spindle bearing-with its -front aoeagainst the rear of the vrontbearing .housing and` against; a shoulder on thespindie. AnA adjusting nutiitssnuglyfinto an isthreaded toenv agetheinner threaded face of the slot. Aba bearing is loosely mounted u on the spindle .between-the shoulder of the ofthe spindle and .the spindle lmay be with- Specification of Letters Patent.

the spindle'is mounts its bearings, and by the simplified arrangement-.fof thecoperatingparts'mounteduponsthes indle. 1

ein'

a j'usting nut-andthe `rear bearingv` housing and by turning the adjusting-.nut .the end. shake may be adjusted entirely :independent- Patented July as, 1908.

-f Amiiicati'on mea November 9, isos. i serial No. 180,287.

throu h'the main-pulley, the adjustable nut,

andt e ball bearing, and' against the' rear journal.

`To secure a driving plate or chuck in place on the lathe h'ead, I 'of the spindle whic and then spirally,` and a driving plate or plate or chuck from the nose of the spindle asthe center pin used in connection with the plate, for instance,- 'may be withdrawn from the spindle and re laced by collets, or the like, Without distur ing the plate or chuck. IA also employ novel'means -for oiling the varichuck is tapered to lit thetaper of the nose provide aslot onthc 'nose extends longitudinally ous parts of the lathe, the oil being fed and filtered through'wicks placedinthe bushing slots. The outer ends of the journal bearings are protected from dirt' and grit by felt washers` and metalcaps, the oil eing thus entirely kept freefrom dirt and keepingfall 'the arts Well lubricated lfor a long tlme.

v'il edrawing will ,more clearly. illustrate Inyinvention. f v

Figure 1 `isa vertical longitudinal section view. Fig. 2 is'an endview thereof. Fig?, is a sectional view taken at line 3, 3 of Fig. 1. .Fi .-4is a sectional View taken on line 44 ofgFig. 1.` Figs. 5 and 6 show an improved manner ofmounting a'driving plate upon the spindle.

sol

Like characters "of reference refer to-like in s 4., Bushings 5 are tapered. on their outsi e to correspond 'with the ta er ofthe bearings-4 and are provided, pre erably at their under side, with longitudinal slots 6 and ref -cesses 7.; lvAdjusting screws 8 are adaptedy to engage the frame 1 so. that their Vheads are l disposedl in .thej recesses. ',7. By ymeans .of

these adjusting screws the bushings maybe adjusted inwardly to more snuglylit about thespindle 9,-,.or they a Ti'rw'rthdrawn fromthebearings to allow yreer play ofl the spindlafff'llhese..bushings are preferably of springjmaterial, suchas cast iron, .and are contracted indiarneter (in practice, about 1010,l `ofaninch) when first, .setin proper positionabOllt ltlziefspindie.` This` gives them a natural tendency to be closely hugged by .the bearings 4 at all times. Thebushings are also provided with peripheral grooves 5,

5 and pins 37 extend 'through the journals 5 3, to engage the upper groove to prevent turning of the bushings. The screw-heads by engaging on either side of the slots 6, also prevent twlsting of the bushing. By means of this double adjustment feature, the spindle may be quickly and readily brought to true alinement and the bushings may be quickly removed and replaced without disassembling the other arts of the lathe'. .As the bushings are parallel on the inside which bears on the s indle, sufficient end shake may be allowe to cause the lathe'to run freely without affecting the alinement or causing binding as in other lathes where such bushings have been more or less ta ered. A cone pulley 10 is mounted upon tlie spindle and held in` lace thereon by means of set screws 11. he forward end of the cone pulley bears against the front journal 3wandengages a shoulder 12 on the spindle 9. The set screws 11 taper at their lower end and as they engage the spindle, they draw and maintain the. cone ulley tightl against the shoulder 12. At t e rear of t e hub of vthe cone pulle is an annular recess 13 which is rovide with threads 14 upon its inner sur ace. A threaded adjusting nut 15 lits closely into the said recessl and engages threads 14. This adjusting nut has an annular shoulder 16,-

between which shoulder and the rear journal 2 isdisposed aball bearing 17, the forward cone 18 of which snugly but slidin ly fits the spindle,wh ile the rear cone 1 9 loose y surrounds the s indle, the balls 20 bein disposed between t e cones, .and protecte by a housing 21. lThe end shake of the lathe can now be perfectly adjusted-by means of the adjusting nut 15, which, after the roper ad'ustment has been obtained, may fie secure in position b ,a set screw 22. Holes 23, 23 are slante and by means of lever pins inserted therein, the adjusting nut may lbereadily turned anydistance. As the adjusting nut snugly fits the longitudinall annular recess 13, the shoulder 16 thereof bearing against the ball bearing, will always run true no matter how far the nut is turned. Being also entirely independent of the spindle, the s indle may be removed without disturbing t e adjustment in the least. Also by this disposition of the adjusting nut, the entire bearing surface of the pulley on the spindle is retained.

The ball bearing takes up all the end thrust of the lathe-and there is a continuous body of metal frornthe no seof the spindle to `ft-he ballbearinggfa'll tliend thrust on the spindle bein transmitted from the shoulder 12 through t e pulley, the adjusting nut and the ball bearing, and against the rear journal 2 and consequently there can be no binding terial fi which would result were such end thrust taken up by tapered bearings. The losses dueto friction between the various parts is thus reduced .to a minimum, giving the lathe a greater capacity and a longer life. The spindle being free from threads and substantially entirely cylindrical can very readily be ground exactly true, and by merely withdrawing the set screws 11, the syindle can be drawn forward to practically disassemble all lthe parts of the lathe head without disturbing any of the adjustments. Further more, the ball bearin which I employ merely slips overthe spind e, requiring no special construction, and can be bought finished on the market.

l employ novel means for lubricating the engaging surfaces of the lathe, and to revent wearlng of th'eseparts on account of irt and grit, I cause the lubricating oil to be filtered. As best shown at Fi 3 an annular channel 24 is provided upon t e interior of each journal,and an oil cup or inlet 25 passes through the wall of the 'ournal and communicates with said channel. The slots 6 at the under side of the bushings may be widened at their middle ortion, and-wicks 26 of filtering malll) these widened slots, and also extend downwardly into the wick chamber 27, lt will thus be seen that the oil 28 before it can reach the bearing surface must pass through the wick 26, and thus au da and gra is iiitered from the oil, and only clear oil reaches the-bearing surface, consequently reducing the wear to a minimum.` Felt washers 29 encircle the spindle at the outer ends of the bearings and by means of metal caps 3() are clamped against'the bearin s to prevent access of dirt to the bearings rom the outside. lt is unnecessary to provide special oiliug means for the ball bearings or for the bearing surface 31 between the front of the pulley and the forward journal, as suicient oil creeps along the spindle to keep these parts lubrlcated. By means of'the adjusting nut 15, the bearing surface 31 maybe made very close and thus prevent access of dirt or grit, and the protecting housing 21 prevents any ,dirt from reaching the ball bearing.

ln Figs. 5 and 6 l show improved means for attaching a driving plate or chuck to-the lathe spindle. .I provide a slot 32 which extends parallel to the axis of the spindle, which slot branches into slots 33 and 34 which extend rearwardly and spirally. The driving plate 35 instead of screw threading on to the tapered nose of the spindle is provided with a pin 36 extending through the hub thereof. As the plate is applied to the nose 37 of the spindle, the in 36 1s caused to engage and to pass along t 1e slot 32, whereupon the plate is given a turn either to the rigit or left, according to the direction of su sequenty rotation thereof, whereupon the pin enters a spiral slot, the Wedging action of which draws the plate into clampingengagementjwith the spindlefhose.'r 'A centering arbor 38 may be secured in the spindle in the4 fwithout aectingthe adjustment or the alinement of the lathe. A.

As changes may readily be made in thevaf,

rious parts and in` their coperation without departing from thescope ofthe invention, I

- do not wish to be limited to the exact conand at each side of said beari struction-shown anddescribed, but

I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent the following claims:l i,

1. In a ,lathe head, the -co'mbinatf'on with yfront and rear bearings, of'a lathe s indle vdisposed in said bearings and cylindrical within s and of a diameter not greater than that o the bearings', a cone pulley secured to said spindle between said bearings, and a ball bearing-free from threaded engagement and loosely mounted upon said spindle and bearing against'the rear -end of said cone pulley and the front side of the rear'bearing, the entire end thrust of the spindle being transmitted to the rear bearing through the -pulley and ball bearing.'

, 2. In a lathe head, the combination witha lathe spindle, 'of front and rear bearings for supporting said spindle, a conje pulley securedto said spindle and bearing at its lforward end againstthe rear of the-front bearing housing, an adjusting nut independent of 'said spindle engaging the rear of said cone pulley, and a ball bearing loosely lmounted on said spindle and'bearing against the rear of said adjusting nut and the front sideof the inner bearing,

substantially as described.

3. In a lathehead, the combination with front and rearbearings, of alathe spindlev Ydisposed in said bearings, a cone pulley isecured to said spindle, the forward end of said pulley bearing against the rear of the front side of the rear earin housi an ad'ustin nut en a a threadid annuar receJss at gthe realg ilphe cone pulley hub, and a ball-bearing 'mounted upon said spindle and bearing against the rear .end of said-adjusting nut andthe front scribed.

4. In a lathe head; vthe 'combination with front and rear bearings, of a lathe s 'indle dis-r posed insaid bearings, said spindle eing subv stantially cylindrical within and each side of .said bearings and of a diameter not greater than that of the bearings, a shoulder at ,the forward end of saidspindle, a co'ne pulley sebearing, substantially' as de-4 cured on said spindle and engaging at 'its forward end with'said shoulder Zand the rear face of the front bearin ,and a ball bearingloosely mounted-u on sai spindle between the rear end of sai entire end 5. In a lathe head, thecombination with ulley and `the'rear bearing, the tlhrust` ofthe lathe "being trans- 4,mitted through said shoulder, said pulley and said ball"bearingagainst the rear bearing front and rear'bearings, of a spindle disposed y in said'bearings, said spindle having a diameter not greater 'than that ofthe bearings for at least a portion vthereofv adjacent each end vof saidbearings, a cone pulley rigidly mounted/u on said spindle betweensaid bearings, a ba l bearing loosely mounted upon said spindle between said pulley and the rear bearing, and an adjusting nut'screw-threaded into the rear of said pulley and engaging said ball bearing, the entirev end thrust of the spindle -bein transmitted through said pul ley and sai ball bearing against the'rear bearing housing.

`6. In a lathe head, the combination with frontand rear bearings, of a lathe spindle entirely free from threa s and of a diameter not greater than that of the bearings for at least a portion thereof adjacent each end of said bearings, a ball bearing slidably mountedv `u on said spindle between said pulley and t e rear bearing of the lathe head and longitudinal adjusting means between the rear of said pillllley and said ball-bearing.

`alathe head, the combinatlon with front andjrearbearinga of a lathe spindle disto said spindle between said bearings, a ball said cone `pulley'and the rear bearing, an end shake adjusting means between and engaging said cone pulley and said ball bearing, they entire end thrust being communicated to the rear bearingthrough the pulley, thc adjusting means and the ball bearing.

, 8, ,In a lathe head, thecombination with lbearing mounted upon said spindle betwee1\\ vpmied in'sa'idibearings, a cone pulley secured i rlp llt.

front and rear bearings, of a lathe spindle i disposed in said bear1ngs,.,a cone pulley secured .0n saidspindle between said bearings,

a ball bearing loosely mounted upon said` lspindle between said cone pulley and the rear bearing, and end shake adjusting means dis osed between said ball bearing and said u ey, said .adjusting'means being carried y the pulley, substantially asv described. 9. In a lathe head, the ombination with a lathe spindle,- of front 'an rearbearings for 'supporting said spindle, a cone ulley secured to said spindle between sai bearin s, and an end shakeadjusting nut carried by said pulley and disposed between said pulley and one of the bearings.

10, In a llathe head, the combination with a lathe spindle, of front and rear bearings for supporting `said spindle, a cone pulley secured to said s indle between said bearings, an end shake a lusting frame independent of said spindle and carried by the pulley to be disposed between said pulley and one of the besnin s, said frame being longitudinally adjustab e on said pulley.

' 11. In n. lathe head, the combination with front and rear bearings, of a spindle supported in said bearings and hee to slide longitudinally therein7 a. eone pulley secured to the spindle between the bearings. with itsv fiont end bearing against the rear face of the front bearing housing, and an abutment frame vcarried by said pulley and longitudinally adjustable thereon, said frame being dis osed between the other bearing housing an the pulley whereby the end thiust on the spindle is all transmitted through the pulley end fiame to the rem* bem-ing housing.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name vthis 6th day of November A. D.,

y FRANKLIN HARDINGE. Witnesses:

CHARLES J. SCHMIDT, HARVEY L. HANsoN. 

